#!/bin/bash # ============================================================ # 服务器安全与资源监控脚本(轻量版) # 功能: # 1. SSH 爆破检测(10分钟内失败认证超阈值) # 2. 新来源 IP SSH 登录(仅"没见过的新 IP"首次登录时提醒,避免自己日常登录刷屏) # 3. fail2ban 新封禁 IP(同一 IP 只提醒一次,永久去重) # 4. 根分区磁盘、内存、系统负载告警 # 5. 未登记的公网监听端口变化告警(同一端口只提醒一次) # 告警方式:写日志 /var/log/server-monitor.log + 可选 Bark 推送 # Bark 配置:/etc/server-monitor.conf 中设置 BARK_URL 后生效 # 部署:/usr/local/bin/server-monitor.sh,配合 cron 每 10 分钟执行 # 去重状态目录:/var/lib/server-monitor/ # - banned-ips.state :已提醒过的封禁 IP(只增不减 → 同一 IP 永不再重复提醒) # - ssh-src-ips.state:已提醒过的登录来源 IP(仅新 IP 首次登录提醒) # - ports.state :当前已提醒的未登记端口(端口消失后清除,再出现会再提醒) # 说明:完整审计数据仍在 /var/log/fail2ban.log 与 journald,且已由 # server-security-collector.sh 上报到 admin 后台,去重不影响追溯。 # ============================================================ export PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin # 读取可选配置(BARK_URL) CONF=/etc/server-monitor.conf [ -f "$CONF" ] && . "$CONF" LOG=/var/log/server-monitor.log NOW=$(date '+%F %T') ALERT="" BARK_URL=${BARK_URL:-} alert() { ALERT="${ALERT}$1 "; } # 去重状态目录(第 2、3、7 段共用) STATE_DIR=/var/lib/server-monitor mkdir -p "$STATE_DIR" 2>/dev/null BAN_STATE=$STATE_DIR/banned-ips.state SSH_STATE=$STATE_DIR/ssh-src-ips.state PORT_STATE=$STATE_DIR/ports.state touch "$BAN_STATE" "$SSH_STATE" "$PORT_STATE" 2>/dev/null # ---------- 1) SSH 爆破检测(近10分钟失败认证) ---------- FAILED=$(sudo journalctl _SYSTEMD_UNIT=sshd.service --since "10 minutes ago" 2>/dev/null | grep -ci "Failed password") if [ "${FAILED:-0}" -ge 10 ]; then alert "SSH爆破风险: 10分钟内 ${FAILED} 次密码失败" fi # ---------- 2) 新来源 IP 登录(仅首次出现的 IP 才提醒) ---------- ACCEPTED=$(sudo journalctl _SYSTEMD_UNIT=sshd.service --since "10 minutes ago" 2>/dev/null | grep -iE "Accepted (password|publickey)") if [ -n "$ACCEPTED" ]; then NEWIPS="" for ip in $(printf '%s\n' "$ACCEPTED" | awk '{for(i=1;i<=NF;i++) if($i=="from") print $(i+1)}' | sort -u); do grep -qxF "$ip" "$SSH_STATE" 2>/dev/null || NEWIPS="${NEWIPS} ${ip}" done if [ -n "$NEWIPS" ]; then alert "新来源IP登录:${NEWIPS} $(printf '%s\n' "$ACCEPTED" | tail -3)" for ip in $NEWIPS; do echo "$ip" >> "$SSH_STATE"; done fi fi # ---------- 3) fail2ban 新封禁 IP(同一 IP 只提醒一次) ---------- CUR_BANNED=$(sudo fail2ban-client status sshd 2>/dev/null | sed -n 's/.*Banned IP list:[[:space:]]*//p') NEW_BANNED="" for ip in $CUR_BANNED; do grep -qxF "$ip" "$BAN_STATE" 2>/dev/null || NEW_BANNED="${NEW_BANNED} ${ip}" done if [ -n "$NEW_BANNED" ]; then alert "fail2ban 新封禁IP:${NEW_BANNED}(已自动封禁,无需处理)" for ip in $NEW_BANNED; do echo "$ip" >> "$BAN_STATE"; done fi # ---------- 4) 根分区磁盘 ---------- DF=$(df -P / 2>/dev/null | tail -1 | awk '{print $5}' | tr -d '%') [ "${DF:-0}" -ge 85 ] && alert "根分区使用率已达 ${DF}%" # ---------- 5) 内存可用比 ---------- MEMFREE=$(free -m 2>/dev/null | awk '/Mem:/{print int($7/$2*100)}') [ "${MEMFREE:-100}" -le 10 ] && alert "内存可用仅剩 ${MEMFREE}%" # ---------- 6) 系统负载 ---------- LOAD=$(awk '{print int($1)}' /proc/loadavg 2>/dev/null) [ "${LOAD:-0}" -ge 4 ] && alert "系统负载过高: $LOAD" # ---------- 7) 公网监听端口漂移检测 ---------- # 基线:当前业务期望对外监听的端口 # SSH(22025) / Nginx(80,443) / Gitea(3000,2222) / Bark(8081, docker映射,防火墙已挡公网) BASE_PORTS="22025 80 443 3000 2222 8081" NOW_PORTS=$(ss -tlnH 2>/dev/null | awk '{print $4}' | grep -vE '^127\.' | grep -oE ':[0-9]+$' | tr -d ':' | sort -u) EXTRA="" for p in $NOW_PORTS; do case " $BASE_PORTS " in *" $p "*) ;; *) EXTRA="${EXTRA} ${p}" ;; esac done # 同一端口只提醒一次(端口消失后再出现视为新事件) NEW_EXTRA="" for p in $EXTRA; do grep -qxF "$p" "$PORT_STATE" 2>/dev/null || NEW_EXTRA="${NEW_EXTRA} ${p}" done if [ -n "$EXTRA" ]; then printf '%s\n' $EXTRA > "$PORT_STATE" else : > "$PORT_STATE" fi [ -n "$NEW_EXTRA" ] && alert "发现未登记的公网监听端口:${NEW_EXTRA}(请核查是否为新增服务)" # ---------- 输出:日志 + Bark 推送 ---------- if [ -n "$ALERT" ]; then echo -e "$NOW [ALERT] $HOSTNAME $ALERT" >> "$LOG" if [ -n "$BARK_URL" ]; then # Bark 自建服务端(路径式 key):POST JSON 到 / BODY=$(printf '%s' "$ALERT" | tr '\n' ' ' | tr '"' "'") curl -s -m 8 -X POST "$BARK_URL" -H "Content-Type: application/json" -d "{\"title\":\"服务器告警\",\"body\":\"$BODY\"}" >/dev/null 2>&1 fi else echo "$NOW [OK] 登录正常 负载${LOAD:-?} 根分区${DF:-?}% 内存可用${MEMFREE:-?}%" >> "$LOG" fi